Ethical aspects of workplace urine screening for drug abuse.

Retraining over the principles and mechanisms involved in the occurrence of false results from urine drug screening tests: Adulteration and strategies to defeat

Screening tests (UDSTs) for the diagnosis of psychoactive drugs can identify drug abuse, improve workplace safety, ensure community health, and play a critical role in therapeutic drug monitoring. Nonetheless, correct interpretation of the results of these tests requires a full awareness of the principles of testing methods, drug kinetics, and various leading causes of false results. Among the ...

Workplace urine screening for drug abuse.

Economic Appraisal of Urine Opiates Screening Test: A Study in Kerman, Iran

Background: Cost effectiveness, the ratio of relative costs of a program to its desired outcomes, is one of the basic issues in various screening programs performed to detect opium abuse. This study aimed to find the cost-effectiveness of opiates abuse screening through urine analysis. Methods: A total number of 64698 individuals were selected and divided into to five distinct groups based on t...

Ethical approach and professional responsibility in workplace drug testing: An update on the eff ectiveness of the Italian current legislation

The workplace drug testing (WDT) in USA is an established practice, carried out according to national guidelines for different purpose (as pre-employment screening, testing for cause, for scheduled categories of employers or random testing, etc.) [1-4] using either urine/blood or alternative matrices (oral fluid, hair, sweat, breath air) [5,6]. On the contrary, in Europe, the WDT is regulated b...

Financial viability of screening for drugs of abuse.

Urine drug testing is now a common practice in the American workplace; a recent survey indicated that > 90% of companies with > 5000 employees have some type of testing program. These programs have indeed reduced the rate of drug-positive test results; for example, recent data from the Federal Aviation Agency show that the rate for 1993 was 0.82% compared with 0.95% for 1992. Many corporations ...